Meaning

verb catch up with and possibly overtake

verb travel past

verb overcome, as with emotions or perceptual stimuli

originFrom Middle English overtaken, likely a replacement alteration (as the Middle English verb taken replaced nimen (“to take”)), of Middle English overnimen (“to overtake”), from Old English oferniman (“to take by surprise, overtake”), equivalent to over- + take.

Etymology from Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 3.0